ABSTRACT

A series of studies is targeted at the relationship between the presence of trombophilia and the occurence of serious gravidity complications. Due to the seriousness of these conditions an intensive research is also made in the field of thrombotic complications of fetoplacental vascular bed. An example of the disease of placental vasculary bed is acute atherosis. It is characteristic by the presence of foam cells, fibrinoid necrosis and perivascular lymphocyte infiltration. The lesion is often found at the pregnant women with preeclampsia, fetal growth retardation and also at premature parturitions. Restricted spiral artery blood flow leads to the infarsation of adjacent placental area. Thrombotic events are described also in fetal circulation. Histopathologically they include the hemorrhagic endovasculitis, endarthritis obliterans, fibromuscular sclerotisation and fibrinoid vasculopathy. The result is a finding of so-called avascular villuses. The thrombotization of intervillous area is often found at microscopic examination and its occurence increases with approaching date of parturition. In most cases, the contemporary state of our knowledge of thrombophile mutations in ethiology of obstetric complications does not allow to make an unambiguous conclusion. However, based on contemporary knowledge it is possible to deduce that the strongest association is between the presence of thrombophilias and late abortions, further between the development of preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation.

Key words: thrombophilia – gravidity – thrombophile mutations